Laws Governing Air Warfare
Laws Governing Air Warfare Although States have not adopted a specific regulation of modern air warfare, it is evident that the general principles of international humanitarian law apply. Aerial bombardment, for instance,…
Avoiding Electronic Crimes or the Fundamental Rights?
Recently, a large hue and cry has been raised by the public at large when the outcome of “years of drafting and consultations” has been presented before the National Assembly by the…
The Case for signing the Apostille Treaty
Introduction Migrating or making investments abroad invariably involves transfer of various documents. Notarization and legalization of documents is an important but cumbersome step in cross border exchange of public documents. Notarization is…
Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights in Pakistan
Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights (SRHR) are an important pillar of the human rights framework and the below average results in this area are a poor reflector on the general human…
Reviewing the Punishment of Apostasy in Islamic Law
Apostasy or Irtidad in Arabic literally means to ‘backslide.’ In Islamic terminology it is ‘turning away from Islam’ or ‘severing the ties with Islam’ and a person who abandons Islam is called…
Signs of a Failed Legal System
The World Justice Project Rule of Law Index offers a detailed, multidimensional view of the extent to which countries adhere to the rule of law in practice. In arriving at its conclusions,…
What are the powers of Labour Courts?
As a result of promulgation of Punjab Industrial Relations Act, 2010 (PIRA-2010), Labour Court was established in the Province of Punjab. The courts that have been established are two in Lahore and…
What is gratuity? Who is entitled to claim gratuity?
Gratuity is the total amount payable to a ‘workman’ in the private sector based on his salary and the period of service, over and above six months, when he leaves service. The…
What are the powers of the Banking Courts?
Under Section 7 of the Financial Institution Ordinance 2001, Banking Courts would have all the powers vested in a Civil Court under the Code of Civil Procedure 1908 and at the same…
Harassment At The Workplace – What Should I do?
Harassment At The Workplace – What Should I do? In addition to the frequently asked questions regarding protection of women in Pakistan, many have queried in respect of what should be done if…