Tarar, Muhammad Jalal Yousaf. Kinnow Country: The Making of Oranges in Punjab. 300pp. Alhamra 2026. What, exactly, is a tree in law? The question sounds almost […]
Protected by Law, Excluded by Society – Law, Power, False Consciousness and the Illusion of Inclusion in Pakistan
What good is a right that a person cannot realistically exercise? It is a question I have found myself returning to repeatedly, not because Pakistan lacks […]
Oman: 2026 Key Legal and Regulatory Developments
Part 1 – August 2026 Oman’s legislative and regulatory reform programme has gathered considerable momentum in 2026. The year has seen a series of significant laws […]
Mercy at Retail, Immunity at Wholesale – Why Pakistan Acquits the Accused and Never Audits the Statute
Ask most practitioners whether “burden of proof” differs from “onus of proof” and you will be told they are twins. Onus is the Latin, burden the […]
The Invisible Encumbrance: Nikahnama Entries and the Bona Fide Purchaser
Nikahnama, though a legal and contractual agreement, is seldom perceived as one. It is regarded as a sacred and intimate record of marriage, intended primarily for […]
Understanding the Rule of “One Man and Two Women” as Witnesses in Islamic Law
Jurisprudential & Contextual Analysis One of the most frequently misunderstood aspects of Islamic law is the Qur’anic provision concerning witnesses in financial transactions. It is often […]
REIMAGINING SOVEREIGNTY: THE ‘COMMUNITY OF INTEREST’ PRINCIPLE IN TRANSBOUNDARY WATER GOVERNANCE
Executive Summary Overview The governance of international watercourses has long been constrained by the tension between the shared physical reality of a transboundary river and the […]
THE HUMAN RIGHT TO WATER IN TRANSBOUNDARY WATER GOVERNANCE
Executive Summary Overview More than 286 international river basins and hundreds of shared aquifers span national borders. Nearly half of the world’s population depends on cooperative […]
Custodial Torture in Pakistan: A Persistent Challenge to the Rule of Law, with Special Reference to Punjab
Sunny Masih stood outside a Lahore court for weeks, waiting for someone to tell him why his brother had died. Amir Masih, a gardener, had been […]
Why the Constitution Matters: Constitutionalism, Consistency and the Rule of Law in Pakistan
Pakistan does not suffer from a shortage of constitutional debate. It suffers from a shortage of constitutional consistency. Every constitutional generation eventually confronts the same question: […]
From Colonial Discretion to Constitutional Certainty: Rethinking “Public Purpose” under Pakistan’s Land Acquisition Act, 1894
The power of compulsory acquisition constitutes one of the most significant intrusions upon the constitutionally protected right to property. In a constitutional democracy, such power derives […]
WHEN TECHNOLOGY OUTPACES THE LAW: PROTECTING HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE DIGITAL AGE
I. Introduction The internet has evolved from an academic network into the central nervous system of global life, outstripping the legal frameworks designed to safeguard human […]
Why Pakistan’s Honour Killing Law Keeps Failing
In July 2025, a woman named Bano Bibi was handed a Quran by her own brother, told to walk seven paces away from him, and then […]
Married or Unmarried: The Institutionalized Patriarchy of Pakistani Civil Service Pension Laws
Severe financial need, grievous living circumstances, and existential threats to livelihoods have one thing in common. They are not what decides the pension received by the […]
Article 102 TFEU in the Digital Age: Is EU Competition Law Effective Against Online Platform Abuse?
A Critical Analysis of Exclusionary Abuses in Multisided Markets and the Role of the Digital Markets Act Abstract Article 102 TFEU, the European Union’s prohibition on […]
BEZUBAAN: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ANIMAL CRUELTY LEGISLATION IN SCOTLAND AND PAKISTAN
In 1985, Kaavan, a male Asian elephant was gifted by the government of Sri Lanka to Pakistan and was housed at the Islamabad Zoo in the […]
A Jurisprudential Overview on Human Oversight vs Machine Autonomy in Legal Systems (The Gap inbetween)
According to Richard Susskind in his book, “How To Think About AI” it is stated that, “Since the mid-1950s, when the term artificial intelligence was first […]