Digital or electronic signatures (e-signatures) are a common part of daily commercial life today. Signatures, as understood in the common adage as signatures delivered by hand, […]
Right of Accused to Testify and be Represented
When we talk about the right of the accused in a criminal trial, two fundamental and inalienable rights which come to mind are the right to […]
Circumstantial vs Direct Evidence in Criminal Justice
Evidence, which can only be inferred from the facts of a case, is known as circumstantial evidence. For instance, when a suspect is spotted fleeing a […]
Can Oral Contracts be Enforced in Pakistan?
This article will evaluate the enforceability of oral contracts in Pakistan. Oral contracts are commonly executed in Pakistan for the sale of goods, services or, where […]
Pre-Trial Arrest and Detention – Its Place In Islamic Criminal Law and Procedure
This article aims to highlight the scope of pre-trial arrest and detention[1] in Islamic criminal law and procedure.[2] The nature and history of Islamic criminal law […]
Sigh of Relief: Two-Finger Test Abolished, Anti-Rape Ordinance Promulgated
Pakistan, after the partition of the subcontinent and its independence from British rule, inherited most of the British legal framework and its practices. An infamous practice […]
Timely Abolishment of the Two-Finger Test Would Have Favoured Mukhtaran Mai’s Rape Appeal – In Conversation with Barrister Aitzaz Ahsan
[TRIGGER WARNING: Graphic Content] Ever since Justice Ayesha Malik ruled in favour of the abolishment of the abhorrent two-finger test in rape cases, I was intrigued […]
No More Dignity Trials
No More Dignity Trials Lamented as a colonial relic but also labeled as pejorative and contemptuous, the “two finger test” has been used to ascertain whether […]
Rights of Illegitimate Children in Pakistan: Sunni and Shia Law Perspectives
Introduction Under Islamic law, a child born out of wedlock is considered filius nullius (“a son of nobody”) and considered to own no lineage to the […]
The Indignity of the Two-Finger Test
Two men recently brutally raped a woman in front of her two minor children when her car broke down on the night of 10th September, 2020 […]
2016 Murder Trial in Jhelum Used Skype to Record Evidence
The State vs Sher Afzal is a case involving a murder trial in which Skype was used to record evidence in 2016 in the court of […]
Definition of “Evidence” Under Article 2 of Qanun-e-Shahadat Order 1984
Scope of Definition of “Evidence” Under Article 2 of Qanun–e–Shahadat Order, 1984 Article 2(1)(c) of the Qanun-e-Shahadat Order (QSO) 1984 defines “evidence” in the following words: “All statements which […]
Burden of Proof
Burden of Proof The law relating to burden of proof is part of the law of evidence concerned with the production of evidence. It is an obligation created […]
6 Reasons Why Rape is an Under-Reported Crime
6 Reasons Why Rape is an Under-Reported Crime Hardly a week passes in our country without there being a media report about an incident of rape […]
Causes of Delay in Disposal of Civil Suits and Solutions to Address Them
Causes of Delay in Disposal of Civil Suits and Solutions to Address Them In comparison to banking suits, a civil suit takes more time to dispose […]
Making Punjab Safe City Authority Smarter
Making Punjab Safe City Authority Smarter As a general observation, technological innovation in the public sector in Pakistan does not sustain well. The reason is that […]
Effective Utilization of Forensics to Achieve Justice – Need of the Hour!
Effective Utilization of Forensics to Achieve Justice – Need of the Hour! Forensic science, over the years and in modern law, has been regarded as one […]